Gynecomastia is a condition in males where the breast tissue enlarges due to the growth of glandular tissue, not just fat. It can occur during puberty or in adulthood, and is caused by factors such as hormonal imbalance (higher estrogen relative to testosterone), genetics, age, certain medications, health conditions (like liver or thyroid disorders), and lifestyle factors such as obesity or substance use. The condition may affect one or both breasts, leading to physical discomfort, emotional distress, and self-consciousness. Treatment can improve both physical appearance and mental well-being.